The paper discusses the role of the cornea in children’s visual processes. It highlights the most common causes, both con­genital and acquired, that alter the corneal structure, impair­ing or entirely preventing its proper function. Congenital and acquired abnormalities of the cornea, particularly in its central part, can disrupt the normal development of vision, reduce visual acuity, or lead to vision loss. This impedes the formation of accurate stereoscopic vision. Children suspected of having corneal changes require early ophthalmological examination, including diagnostic tests and subsequent treatment. In some cases of acquired corneal disorders, causal treatment is pos­sible. The cornea also plays a crucial role as a protective bar­rier for the anterior part of the eye.