|
Current issue
Archive
Videos
Articles in press
About the journal
Supplements
Editorial board
Reviewers
Abstracting and indexing
Subscription
Contact
Instructions for authors
Ethical standards and procedures
Editorial System
Submit your Manuscript
|
2/2009
vol. 111 abstract:
Review paper
Role of oxidative mechanisms in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration
Katarzyna Janik-Papis
1
,
Magdalena Ulińska
2
,
Anna Krzyżanowska
1
,
Ewelina Stoczyńska
1
,
Anna I. Borucka
2
,
Katarzyna Woźniak
1
,
Małgorzata Zaraś
2
,
Jacek P. Szaflik
2
,
Janusz Błasiak
1
Klinika Oczna 2009, 111 (2): 168-173
Online publish date: 2009/07/06
View
full text
Get citation
ENW EndNote
BIB JabRef, Mendeley
RIS Papers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero
AMA
APA
Chicago
Harvard
MLA
Vancouver
Oxidative stress is a major factor in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are prone to reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising during the stress due to intense oxygen metabolism and a high oxygen pressure. Additionally, the cells can be exposed to ROS as a consequence of accumulation of iron ions in these cells, sunlight exposure and tobacco smoke. There are several defense systems against RTF in the cell, including antioxidant enzymes, low-molecular weight antioxidants and DNA repair pathways. RPE cells display phagocytic activity towards outer segments of photoreceptors and this activity can be associated with additional oxidative stress since the segments are rich in long chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The oxidation of PUFA leads to the production of additional ROS. Moreover, oxidized PUFA are not correctly cleaved in the lysosomes of RPE and are accumulated in the form of lipofuscin, which is deposited in Bruch’s membrane in the form of drusen and in this way it stimulates immune responses, including phagocytosis, associated with the recruiting of macrophages and dendritic cells. In this time, RPE cells are exposed to ROS, produced in oxygen burst associated with phagocytosis. Further studies, both clinical/epidemiological and in vitro, are needed to better understand relationship between AMD and oxidative stress.
keywords:
age-related macular degeneration, AMD, oxidative stress, antioxidants, DNA repair |
|
POLSKI
