Diagnostics, classification and treatment of dry eye syndrome in the era of COVID-19

Aim of the study was to present options in the diagnosis and management of dry eye syndrome (DES) and coronavirus prevention.

Material and methods
A review and analysis of the available scientific materials and articles in PUBMED and ClinicalKey database dedicated to the ocular COVID-19 manifestations and the Dry eye disease along with Consensus of the Eye Surface Academy and DEWS II guidelines.

Results
Dry eye syndrome is one of the most common eye conditions worldwide in a daily medical practice. The ocular manifestation of COVID can resemble DES. It is recommended that during properly conducted diagnostics, the patient should be properly classified in terms of severity of symptoms. A diet rich in vitamins and flavonoids and the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids are common recommendations for both DES treatment and prevention of COVID-19. This in particular validates the appropriate use of these substances. Fatty acids such as α-lipoic or γ-linolenic are proven to have the most effective anti-inflammatory properties.

Conclusions
In the era of pandemia the ocular manifestation and transmission of COVID has to be always considered since every patient could be a coronavirus carrier. Many substances might be effective in treating and relieving symptoms of dry eye syndrome and coronavirus prevention. PUFAs are proven to have the most effective impact on the inflammation nature of COVID-19 disease.